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This is particularly a problem for the urban environment; about 75 % of Europe\u2019s population lives in cities, and traffic volumes are still on the rise. Country reviews show that the number of complaints related to environmental noise is increasing in many European countries. Since environmental noise is persistent and inescapable, a significant proportion of the population is exposed to it. The EU Green Paper Future Noise Policy states that around 20 % of the EU\u2019s population suffer from noise levels that health experts consider to be unacceptable, i.e. which can lead to annoyance, sleep disturbance and adverse health effects. The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that about 40 % of the population in the EU is exposed to road traffic noise at levels exceeding 55 dB(A), and that more than 30 % is exposed to levels exceeding 55 dB(A) during the night. 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